California's 2026 Team Roster/Depth Chart Outlook
Official Roster has been loaded (Last Update: Apr 01, 2026)Def Snap % are best estimates. DE/LB are mixed depending on the team.
Quarterbacks
| Player | H/W | Passing | Rushing | Pass | Run | PPA | Snaps | Rating | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #3 J. Sagapolutele SO | 6'3"/225 | 315/491 (64%), 3446 Yds, 18 TD / 9 INT | 60 Car, -120 Yds, (-2 YPC), 4 TD, 2 FUM | B | D | #40 | 907 (68%) | ORE ('25) | |
| #11 Jackson Brousseau JR | 6'4"/225 | 128/201 (64%), 1354 Yds, 9 TD / 3 INT | 54 Car, 15 Yds, (0.3 YPC), 1 TD, 3 FUM | C- | D+ | #117 | 429 (32%) | CSU ('26) | |
| #2 EJ Caminong SO | 6'2"/220 | 0/0 (0%), 0 Yds, 0 TD / 0 INT | 0 Car, 0 Yds, (0 YPC), 0 TD, 0 FUM | 1 (0%) | 3* HS ('24) | ||||
| #18 Nainoa Lopes FR | 6'3"/180 | 3* HS ('26) | |||||||
| #17 Alonzo Esparza FR | 6'0"/190 | 3* HS ('25) |
Running Backs
| Player | H/W | Rushing | Receiving | Run | Rec | PPA | Snaps | Rating | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #20 Ashten Emory SO | 5'11"/205 | 119 Car, 569 Yds, (4.8 YPC), 4 TD, 0 FUM | 16 Rec, 103 Yds, (6.4 YPR), 2 TD | B | C- | #161 | 435 (40%) | UTEP ('26) | |
| #24 Adam Mohammed JR | 6'0"/220 | 106 Car, 523 Yds, (4.9 YPC), 5 TD, 0 FUM | 17 Rec, 138 Yds, (8.1 YPR), 0 TD | A- | B | #141 | 327 (30%) | WASH ('26) | |
| #1 Carter Vargas SO | 5'11"/210 | 67 Car, 445 Yds, (6.6 YPC), 5 TD, 3 FUM | 10 Rec, 177 Yds, (17.7 YPR), 2 TD | A- | B | 190 (17%) | UCD ('26) | ||
| #25 Anthony League FR | 6'0"/215 | 11 Car, 38 Yds, (3.5 YPC), 1 TD, 0 FUM | 2 Rec, 11 Yds, (5.5 YPR), 0 TD | C+ | C- | #486 | 22 (2%) | 3* HS ('25) | |
| #33 Dean-Taylor Chapman JR | 5'9"/180 | 1 Car, 5 Yds, (5 YPC), 0 TD, 0 FUM | 0 Rec, 0 Yds, (0 YPR), 0 TD | C | 2 (0%) | NA | |||
| #23 Jayden Parker SO | 5'10"/180 | 1 Car, 3 Yds, (3 YPC), 0 TD, 0 FUM | 0 Rec, 0 Yds, (0 YPR), 0 TD | C- | 1 (0%) | NA | |||
| #13 Victor Santino FR | 5'11"/195 | 4* HS ('26) |
Wide Receivers
| Player | H/W | Receiving | Rushing | Rec | Block | PPA | Snaps | Rating | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #7 Chase Hendricks SR | 6'0"/200 | 71 Rec, 1037 Yds, (14.6 YPR), 7 TD, 2 FUM | 1 Car, 1 Yds, 0 TD | A- | C- | #9 | 834 (39%) | OHIO ('26) | |
| #9 Ian Strong SR | 6'4"/210 | 52 Rec, 762 Yds, (14.7 YPR), 5 TD, 0 FUM | 0 Car, 0 Yds, 0 TD | B+ | C- | #83 | 644 (30%) | RUTG ('26) | |
| #4 Jordan King SR | 6'2"/215 | 22 Rec, 267 Yds, (12.1 YPR), 2 TD, 0 FUM | 0 Car, 0 Yds, 0 TD | C+ | C+ | #267 | 318 (15%) | NA | |
| #15 Mark Hamper JR | 6'2"/205 | 17 Rec, 202 Yds, (11.9 YPR), 0 TD, 0 FUM | 0 Car, 0 Yds, 0 TD | C | F | #541 | 245 (12%) | WIS ('25) | |
| #10 Cooper Perry SO | 6'1"/195 | 10 Rec, 25 Yds, (2.5 YPR), 0 TD, 1 FUM | 0 Car, 0 Yds, 0 TD | D | D+ | #845 | 192 (9%) | ORE ('26) | |
| #5 QuaRon Adams SR | 5'7"/165 | 20 Rec, 273 Yds, (13.7 YPR), 1 TD, 0 FUM | 4 Car, 17 Yds, 0 TD | B- | C+ | #315 | 174 (8%) | SDAK ('25) | |
| #82 Cole Boscia SR | 6'3"/215 | 7 Rec, 85 Yds, (12.1 YPR), 1 TD, 0 FUM | 0 Car, 0 Yds, 0 TD | C+ | F | #557 | 115 (5%) | NA | |
| #6 Kyion Grayes JR | 6'0"/190 | 1 Rec, 10 Yds, (10 YPR), 0 TD, 0 FUM | 0 Car, 0 Yds, 0 TD | D+ | A+ | #808 | 61 (3%) | OSU ('24) | |
| #19 Trevor Rogers SO | 6'3"/195 | 0 Rec, 0 Yds, (0 YPR), 0 TD, 0 FUM | 0 Car, 0 Yds, 0 TD | C- | B- | 6 (0%) | 4* HS ('24) | ||
| #21 Carson Perry-Smith SO | 5'11"/195 | 0 Rec, 0 Yds, (0 YPR), 0 TD, 0 FUM | 0 Car, 0 Yds, 0 TD | B- | 1 (0%) | NA | |||
| #87 Meyer Swinney FR | 6'3"/200 | 3* HS ('25) | |||||||
| #16 Kai Meza FR | 6'1"/185 | 3* HS ('26) | |||||||
| #00 EJ Morgan FR | 6'0"/155 | 3* HS ('26) |
Tight Ends
| Player | H/W | Receiving | Rec | Run Blk | Pass Blk | Snaps | Rating | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #00 Dorian Thomas JR | 6'4"/250 | 56 Rec, 560 Yds, (10 YPR), 4 TD, 2 FUM | B- | F | C- | 629 (42%) | UNM ('26) | |
| #85 Mason Mini JR | 6'4"/240 | 35 Rec, 387 Yds, (11.1 YPR), 4 TD, 0 FUM | C+ | F | C- | 601 (40%) | IDHO ('25) | |
| #86 Jeffrey Johnson GR | 6'5"/250 | 3 Rec, 30 Yds, (10 YPR), 0 TD, 0 FUM | D+ | B+ | A- | 254 (17%) | NA | |
| #8 Rico Walker SR | 6'4"/245 | 9 Rec, 100 Yds, (11.1 YPR), 0 TD, 0 FUM | C | F | C- | 146 (10%) | PUR ('26) | |
| #44 John Tofi Jr. FR | 6'5"/240 | 0 Rec, 0 Yds, (0 YPR), 0 TD, 0 FUM | D+ | F | B- | 20 (1%) | 3* HS ('25) | |
| #90 Jack Olyphant SO | 6'4"/245 | 0 Rec, 0 Yds, (0 YPR), 0 TD, 0 FUM | C- | C- | B- | 5 (0%) | NA | |
| #22 Taimane Purcell FR | 6'4"/235 | 3* HS ('26) | ||||||
| #00 Luca Wolf FR | 6'5"/250 | 3* HS ('26) |
Offensive Line
| Player | H/W | Grade | Run Blk | Pass Blk | Snaps | Rating | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #75 Jacob Arop (T) SO | 6'6"/320 | D | C | C- | 502 (34.2%) | SDAK ('26) | |
| #54 F. Williams III (T) JR | 6'5"/325 | D+ | D+ | C | 472 (35%) | 3* HS ('23) | |
| #77 Jimothy Lewis Jr. (T) SO | 6'6"/315 | D- | F | C- | 360 (24.3%) | MSST ('26) | |
| #70 Mykeal Rabess (T) JR | 6'6"/320 | C+ | C+ | B+ | 53 (3.6%) | FIU ('26) | |
| #51 Kahlee Tafai (T) JR | 6'5"/335 | B | A+ | C- | 36 (2.7%) | MINN ('26) | |
| #71 Sioape Vatikani (G) SR | 6'4"/330 | C- | B | C- | 635 (47%) | 3* HS ('22) | |
| #56 Tyson Ruffins (C) JR | 6'2"/310 | C+ | B | A+ | 878 (66%) | NEV ('25) | |
| #58 Ashton Rivera (C) JR | 6'2"/315 | D+ | C- | C- | 569 (38.7%) | KENT ('26) | |
| #76 Bastian Swinney (C) SR | 6'6"/315 | C | C+ | B+ | 316 (24%) | 3* HS ('21) | |
| #78 Lamar Robinson (C) SR | 6'3"/305 | C- | C- | A+ | 50 (4%) | GAST ('25) | |
| #72 Ben Howard (OL) FR | 6'4"/325 | 3* HS ('25) | |||||
| #74 Michael Klisiewicz (OL) FR | 6'6"/315 | 3* HS ('25) | |||||
| #52 Elisha Faamatuainu (OL) FR | 6'4"/335 | 3* HS ('26) | |||||
| #79 Esaiah Wong (OL) FR | 6'5"/300 | 3* HS ('26) | |||||
| #73 Kamo'i Huihui-White (OL) FR | 6'5"/330 | 3* HS ('26) | |||||
| #65 Justin Hasenhuetl (OL) FR | 6'5"/300 | 4* HS ('25) | |||||
| #55 Daniel McMorris (OL) FR | 6'6"/260 | 4* HS ('26) | |||||
| #45 David Bird (LS) SR | 6'0"/205 | ALA ('26) |
Defensive Line
| Player | H/W | Stats | Pass D | Run D | Rush | Cov | Snaps | Rating | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #55 BJ Canady (DE) SO | 6'5"/280 | 6 Tac, 2 Solo, 1 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | D+ | C | C | 74 (12%) | 3* HS ('24) | |
| #56 Legend Journey (DE) SO | 6'2"/285 | C | C- | 10 (2%) | 3* HS ('24) | ||||
| #96 Derek Wilkins (DT) SR | 6'5"/310 | 12 Tac, 5 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 1 QB Hur | 8 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | D | C+ | C | 271 (33%) | 3* HS ('21) | |
| #51 Jayden Williams (DT) JR | 6'2"/305 | 21 Tac, 12 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 2 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | D+ | C | C | 257 (27.9%) | UNT ('26) | |
| #94 S. Saole-McKenzie (DT) SR | 6'2"/345 | 12 Tac, 2 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 1 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C | C- | C | 229 (28%) | 3* HS ('20) | |
| #44 Jericho Johnson (DT) SO | 6'4"/345 | 5 Tac, 3 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 1 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C+ | C- | C | 68 (7.2%) | ORE ('26) | |
| #97 M. Okwura (DT) SO | 6'3"/310 | 2 Tac, 1 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C- | C- | 28 (3%) | 3* HS ('24) | ||
| #99 Ashun Shepphard (DT) SR | 6'3"/295 | 4 Tac, 1 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C- | C- | C | 26 (2.7%) | MSST ('26) | |
| #98 Nate Burrell (DL) SR | 6'2"/285 | 3* HS ('22) | |||||||
| #00 Nemyah Telona (DL) FR | 6'2"/285 | 3* HS ('26) | |||||||
| #00 Frank Fanua (DL) FR | 6'2"/261 | 3* HS ('26) | |||||||
| #43 Lucky Schirmer (DL) FR | 6'2"/290 | 3* HS ('26) | |||||||
| #92 LeBron Williams (DL) FR | 6'2"/285 | 3* HS ('25) |
Linebackers
| Player | H/W | Stats | Pass D | Run D | Rush | Cov | Snaps | Rating | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #10 Jayden Wayne SR | 6'5"/255 | 26 Tac, 9 Solo, 5 TFL, 3 Sacks, 5 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C- | C- | C- | 615 (458%) | WASH ('25) | |
| #4 Justin Beadles SR | 6'5"/275 | 12 Tac, 2 Solo, 1 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C- | D+ | C- | 203 (151%) | LOU ('26) | |
| #21 Aaron Hampton JR | 6'1"/235 | 41 Tac, 21 Solo, 1 TFL, 1 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | D+ | B- | C | 173 (129%) | NA | |
| #15 Joshua Pierce JR | 6'4"/260 | 14 Tac, 4 Solo, 2 TFL, 2 Sacks, 1 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C+ | C+ | 170 (127%) | UNT ('26) | ||
| #19 Odera Okaka SR | 6'4"/235 | 6 Tac, 2 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | F | D+ | C | 45 (33%) | NA | |
| #00 Solomon Williams SO | 6'2"/250 | 7 Tac, 6 Solo, 3 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | B- | B | C | 35 (26%) | TA&M ('26) | |
| #3 Kamar Mothudi SO | 6'3"/245 | 4 Tac, 1 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C- | C- | C | 24 (18%) | ORE ('26) | |
| #6 Emmanuel Okoye SO | 6'5"/240 | 1 Tac, 0 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C | C- | C | 15 (11%) | TENN ('26) | |
| #9 AJ Tuitele FR | 6'2"/220 | 1 Tac, 0 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | B+ | C- | C- | 15 (11%) | USC ('26) | |
| #18 Serigne Tounkara SO | 6'2"/245 | 1 Tac, 0 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C+ | D+ | 13 (10%) | MIZ ('24) | ||
| #32 Tristan Jernigan SO | 6'0"/230 | 3 Tac, 2 Solo, 1 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | B | C- | C | 10 (7%) | TA&M ('26) | |
| #33 JD McKinley FR | 6'2"/245 | 3* HS ('26) | |||||||
| #00 Jaxon Pyatt FR | 6'2"/220 | 3* HS ('26) | |||||||
| #45 Beckham Barney FR | 6'1"/220 | 3* HS ('25) |
Secondary
| Player | H/W | Stats | Pass D | Run D | Rush | Cov | Snaps | Rating | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #1 Ricky Fletcher (CB) SR | 6'3"/205 | 11 Tac, 10 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 2 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C | C+ | 292 (28%) | MISS ('26) | ||
| #5 M. Groves-Killebrew (CB) SR | 6'0"/190 | 7 Tac, 5 Solo, 1 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | B | C- | 168 (16%) | ARIZ ('26) | ||
| #7 Daniel Harris (CB) SR | 6'3"/195 | 7 Tac, 4 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C+ | C- | 138 (13%) | UGA ('26) | ||
| #13 Jae'On Young (CB) FR | 5'11"/180 | C | C | 6 (1%) | 4* HS ('25) | ||||
| #22 Tristan Dunn (CB) SR | 6'5"/205 | 4 Tac, 1 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C | D+ | 3 (0%) | WASH ('25) | ||
| #25 Khamani Hudson (CB) FR | 6'0"/185 | 2 Tac, 2 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C | 3 (0%) | 3* HS ('24) | |||
| #00 Ernest Nunley (CB) FR | 6'0"/180 | 3* HS ('26) | |||||||
| #00 Deon Jackson (CB) FR | 5'10"/165 | 3* HS ('26) | |||||||
| #14 Aiden Manutai (S) SO | 5'11"/200 | 44 Tac, 31 Solo, 2 TFL, 0 Sacks, 1 QB Hur | 2 PD, 1 INT (0 TDS) | C | D | C+ | 626 (39%) | 3* HS ('25) | |
| #16 Michael Hurst (S) SR | 6'0"/200 | 4 Tac, 2 Solo, 2 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 1 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | B | C | B | 545 (34%) | NAU ('26) | |
| #20 Cam Sidney (S) SR | 5'11"/185 | 47 Tac, 28 Solo, 5 TFL, 1 Sacks, 1 QB Hur | 3 PD, 1 INT (0 TDS) | C+ | C- | C+ | 511 (32%) | 3* HS ('22) | |
| #8 Jasiah Wagoner (S) JR | 5'11"/180 | 28 Tac, 15 Solo, 1 TFL, 0 Sacks, 1 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C | C+ | C | 388 (24%) | OKLA ('24) | |
| #23 Isaiah Crosby (S) JR | 5'10"/190 | 24 Tac, 17 Solo, 1 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 3 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | D+ | B+ | 197 (12%) | 3* HS ('24) | ||
| #2 Kingston Lopa (S) SO | 6'5"/210 | 12 Tac, 5 Solo, 1 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 1 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C- | C | 169 (10%) | ORE ('26) | ||
| #17 Jordan Sanford (S) SR | 6'0"/195 | 10 Tac, 4 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | D+ | C- | C- | 131 (8%) | TTU ('25) | |
| #24 Quimari Shemwell (S) JR | 5'11"/180 | 7 Tac, 3 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 1 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C+ | C- | B- | 81 (5%) | UTAH ('25) | |
| #11 Dayday Aupiu (S) SO | 6'2"/170 | 1 Tac, 0 Solo, 0 TFL, 0 Sacks, 0 QB Hur | 0 PD, 0 INT (0 TDS) | C | 3 (0%) | 3* HS ('24) | |||
| #28 Tre' Harrison (DB) FR | 6'0"/185 | 3* HS ('25) | |||||||
| #26 Niles Davis (DB) FR | 5'11"/185 | 3* HS ('26) |
Kickers
| Player | H/W | FG | XP | Pts | FG G | KO G | Rating | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #91 Chase Meyer SR | 5'10"/185 | 10/13 (76.9%), Long 45 Yds | 39/39 | 69 Pts | B | B | PSU ('25) | |
| #33 Towns McGough SO | 6'0"/200 | 0/1 (0%), Long 0 Yds | C | C | AUB ('26) |
Punters
| Player | H/W | Punts | Acc | Grade | Rank | Rating | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| #29 Angus Davies SR | 6'1"/210 | 46, 1993 YDS (43.3 YPP), Long 80 YDS | 21 In 20, 0 TB | B- | C- | TLSA ('26) |
FR ATH - No Position Yet
| Player | H/W | Rating | Origin |
|---|---|---|---|
| #00 Tyree Sams FR | 5'8"/175 | 3* HS ('26) |
Roster & Program Overview
HC Tosh Lupoi new hireOC Jordan Somerville new hireDC Michael Hutchings new hire
Players with Starting experience3218 off • 14 def
Team Talent872#43 in CFB
Avg Talent / Player0.86Blue-chip 8.75%
Roster Size10146 portal (40.4%)
Off: 51 Talent: (#41)
Def: 46 Talent: (#43)
ST: 3
New Portal In: 33 (28.9%)
Portal Losses: 38
Unrated/No Stats: 13
Total Team Snaps: 18838
Elite: 0
Top 100: 0
Top 250: 7
Top 100 Pos: 60
JAG: 22
Low JAG: 0
JAG-: 3
FR Snaps: 278 (1%)
SO Snaps: 4178 (22%)
JR Snaps: 6249 (33%)
SR Snaps: 7839 (42%)
GR Snaps: 294 (2%)
77% Snaps by Upperclassmen
13 players on roster have not played, have no stats and no recruiting/portal ratings.
Class Breakdown
| Category | GR | SR | JR | SO | FR |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Starters Returning | 0 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| Portal Starters 2026 portal | 0 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 |
| Experienced Depth | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Off Starters Returning | 0 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 |
| Off Depth Returning | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Def Starters Returning | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Def Depth Returning | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
Positions Summary
Unit
Returning
(starters/exp'd depth)
(starters/exp'd depth)
Portal Adds
(starters/exp'd depth)
(starters/exp'd depth)
Snaps
(total/portal)
(total/portal)
Outlook
Experience - Production - Notes
Experience - Production - Notes
QBQB
1 (0)
0 (1)
1337(429)
Exp 100% • Prod 100% — Jaron-Keawe Sagapolutele returns, their starting QB from last year. Jackson Brousseau was brought in via the portal.
RBHB
0 (0)
2 (1)
977(952)
Exp 89% • Prod 100% — California lost their top 2 Rushers from last year.
WR/TEWR + TE
1 (2)
3 (0)
4245(2445)
Exp 61% • Prod 96% — California lost their top 2 WR's from last year.
OLT + G + C
2 (2)
0 (3)
3871(1520)
T 50% • G 24% • C 100% — California OL: 3 starters back, 1 with multi game experience, 0 more with some game experience. Portal OL: 2 potential starters from '26 Portal, 1 more portals have experience.
DLDE + DT
1 (1)
0 (1)
963(351)
DE 7% • DT 51% — DL experience and continuity summary.
LBLB
2 (1)
2 (1)
1318(472)
LB 100% — LB experience and continuity summary.
SecondaryCB + S
0 (3)
0 (2)
3261(1312)
CB 29% • S 82% — Secondary experience and continuity summary.
Team Snaps: Offense 10430 (5346 portal) 49% returning, (51% via Portal) • Defense 5542 (2135 portal) 61% returning, (39% via Portal)
Note: The units rarely add up to a full team of starters/depth in preseason, as inexperienced depth/portals will need to emerge
Note: The units rarely add up to a full team of starters/depth in preseason, as inexperienced depth/portals will need to emerge